The overarching goal of this notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) and its companion opportunities is to establish the Precision Medicine with AI: Integrating Imaging with Multimodal Data (PRIMED-AI) Program to support development of innovative, reliable, cost-effective, and sustainable multimodal AI-based clinical decision support (CDS) tools. PRIMED-AI CDS tools are based on the integration of clinical imaging with other types of multimodal health data to enhance care for patients with a wide range of health conditions. The PRIMED-AI Program seeks to catalyze the adoption of AI-based CDS tools into clinical workflows to enable novel personalized medicine strategies that address significant health challenges.The purpose of this NOFO is to catalyze the translation of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled, image-centered, multimodal CDS tools, developed as Software as a Medical Device, from training and testing of prototypes towards clinical applications that address unmet health challenges in precision medicine. These projects are expected to have high potential for demonstrable, positive impact on patient outcomes and/or healthcare processes.
The overarching goal of this notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) and its companion opportunities is to establish the Precision Medicine with AI: Integrating Imaging with Multimodal Data (PRIMED-AI) Program to support development of innovative, reliable, cost-effective, and sustainable multimodal AI-based clinical decision support (CDS) tools. PRIMED-AI CDS tools are based on the integration of clinical imaging with other types of multimodal health data to enhance care for patients with a wide range of health conditions. The PRIMED-AI Program seeks to catalyze the adoption of AI-based CDS tools into clinical workflows to enable novel personalized medicine strategies that address significant health challenges. The purpose of this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) is to catalyze the development and testing of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled, image-centered, multimodal Clinical Decision Support (CDS) tools, developed in pursuance as Software as a Medical Device (SaMD). These projects are expected to have high potential for demonstrable, positive impact on patient outcomes and/or healthcare processes.
The occurrence of insects as well as pesticide residuals can be significant barriers for U.S. horticultural exports. Each importing country can have unique phytosanitary and maximum residue limit (MRL) requirements, which creates operational and logistical challenges. To maximize return to growers, U.S. shippers need tools that can universally address all such requirements while maintaining product quality. Currently, tree nuts and many other durable specialty crops require fumigations or freezing, which are both expensive and create bottlenecks in marketing.
More and more tree nut handlers are using a modified atmosphere (MA) or controlled atmosphere (CA) technology in which low-oxygen conditions (<1% by volume) are maintained during storage and/or in packaging. Low-oxygen conditions are known to control insect pests, leave no chemical residuals, and result in high quality products since the lipid oxidation that causes rancidity is markedly suppressed. While this approach is being used as a condition of sale, there is currently no efficient way for shippers to validate the low-oxygen conditions for customers, let alone importers with phytosanitary requirements for insect control. Technically and economically viable, verifiable, and preferably traceable technologies are critically needed before low-oxygen storage and packaging approaches can be used for export to most countries.
Currently, the existing low-oxygen technologies do not incorporate digital mapping or official record-keeping during the packing or storage process, so there is no non-invasive manner to verify the oxygen content over time within the gas-impermeable liners and/or confirm seal integrity. This limits the ability to verify that a low-oxygen environment has been maintained at a specific oxygen level over a certain period of time, which would be necessary to ensure the conditions were met to act as a phytosanitary treatment. Counties such as India, Korea, and Japan require phytosanitary treatments, such as fumigation, for post-harvest pest management before many types of U.S. tree nuts can be imported into the countries. Additionally, buyers in other markets also request pest management treatments as a condition of sale in commercial transactions.
Farming and AgricultureArts and CultureEMS and Homeland Security
The focus of this notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) is to produce insights into disease detection and prevention strategies, burden, severity, diagnostics, treatment, and outcomes of infectious diseases in international travelers. Timely surveillance and sentinel detection are essential for collecting actionable data. The research should:Address public health questions that improve the speed of outbreak detection.Help develop guidelines and recommendations to improve patient care.Enhance understanding of the natural history of disease.Optimize genomic surveillance as well as diagnostic and treatment strategies.Advance the global health security of the United States.This NOFO will have two components:Component A – Clinic-based sentinel network.Component B – Sentinel detection in international transportation hubs.You may apply for Component A, B, or both. If your application for both Component A and B is ranked top, Component B will be awarded.
Health and MedicalResearch and EvaluationAging and Seniors
This Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) invites applications proposing a Data Coordinating Center that integrates and disseminates multiscale mouse brain datasets for the aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) research community. The Data Coordinating Center will establish the Aging and AD Mouse Brain Atlas (AD-MBA), which will serve as a central, unified research resource for multi-omic and connectomic mouse brain datasets emerging from the NIA AD Multimodal Atlas Projects (AD-MAPs). The Data Coordinating Center will (1) leverage the NIA-supported AD Knowledge Portal data infrastructure to facilitate hosting, deposition, and dissemination of multimodal datasets generated by the AD-MAPs program, (2) facilitate collaborative analyses among the data-contributing teams, (3) develop/optimize and incorporate tools for multiscale integration of multi-omics and connectomics datasets, and (4) create a broadly accessible web-based interface for the visualization and dissemination of integrated multiscale data.
The Archaeology Program supports anthropologically relevant archaeological research to increase understanding of past behaviors. This means that the value of the proposed research can be justified within an anthropological context. It is the responsibility of the investigator to explain convincingly why the focus of their research is significant and has the potential to contribute to anthropological knowledge. The program sets no priorities by either geographic region or time period. It also has no priorities in regard to theoretical orientation or question. While the program, in order to encourage innovative research, neither limits nor defines specific categories of research, most proposals either request funds for field research or the analysis of archaeological material through multiple approaches.
Through this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO), the National Cancer Institute (NCI) intends to stimulate translation of scientific discoveries and engineering developments in imaging, data science and/or spectroscopic technologies into methods or tools that address contemporary problems in understanding the fundamental biology, potential risk of development, diagnosis, treatment, and/or disease status for cancer or other disease.
EMS and Homeland SecurityEducationHealth and Medical
The primary objective of the Cultural Anthropology Program is to support fundamental, systematic anthropological research and training to increase understanding of the causes, consequences and complexities of human social and cultural variability. The Cultural Anthropology Program welcomes proposals from researchers in all sub-fields of cultural anthropology and research at any temporal or spatial scale. Methodologies and approaches employed may include ethnographic field research, surveys, remote sensing, the collection of bio-markers, experimental research inside or outside of laboratory settings, archival research, the analysis of materials collections and extant data bases, mathematical and computational modeling and other research tools as appropriate for the proposed research. The overarching research goals should be to produce empirically grounded findings that will be generalizable beyond particular case studies and contribute to building a more robust anthropological science of human society and culture.
The U.S. National Science Foundation's mandate is to support basic scientific research. Basic research in cultural anthropology means theory-generating and theory-testing research that creates new knowledge about human culture and society. Therefore, the Cultural Anthropology Program cannot support research that takes as its primary objective improved clinical practice, applied policy or other immediate application. Research that seeks to advance scientific cultural anthropological theories in a way that advances use-inspired objectives may be supported, but the theory-advancing objectives must be clearly at the center of the proposal. A proposal to use anthropological methods and approaches only to find solutions to social, medical or other problems without specifically proposing to make a theory-testing or theory-expanding contribution to anthropological science will be returned without review.
This Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) encourages grant applications for National Centers for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NCBIB). NCBIB are national resource centers for conducting research and development on new technologies that are driven by the needs of basic, translational, and/or clinical researchers. NCBIB also make their technologies available to other investigators, train members of the research community in the use of the technologies and disseminate the technologies broadly.
The Biological Anthropology Program seeks to advance scientific knowledge about the processes that have shaped biological diversity in living and fossil humans and their primate relatives through support of basic research on human and primate evolution, biological variation, and interactions between biology, behavior, and culture. The program supports a portfolio of research that demonstrates engagement with biological anthropological and evolutionary theory; includes diverse and interdisciplinary methods in field, laboratory and computational settings; encompasses multiple levels of analysis (e.g., molecular, organismal, population, ecosystem) and time scales from the short-term to evolutionary; and considers the ethical implications and societal impacts of the research. The program also supports a wide range of broader impact activities as part of research grants, including research outcomes with inherent benefit to society, efforts to broaden participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) research, training and outreach activities and other evidence-based activities developed within the context of the mission, goals, and resources of the organizations and people involved.